Anode (Anti-Cathode) Cooling Devices

Black-painted copper water-cooling sphere mounted on the protruding end of the anode shaft of the x-ray tube, the water being changed frequently during a day’s work. The high tension voltage to the anode was connected directly to the sphere. Such spheres were used with some early small bulb Coolidge tubes. Glass water-cooling spheres were also used with some early ion discharge tubes.	This water-cooling attachment fixed on the anode end of a “Media” or a “Metalix” tube (by Müller-Philips) of the late twenties, is more elaborate in structure than the simple copper sphere to the left, permitting some circulation of water inside the device. The high tension connection to the tube is visible on the upper side of the sphere.

Different types of heat radiators mounted on the protruding anode (anti-cathode) shaft of air-cooled Coolidge-type x-ray tubes, or on the anode end of some air-cooled kenotrons. The high tension voltage to the anode was connected through the radiator. The largest radiator in the picture is about 6”(15cms) diameter.

Some oil immersed tubes were fitted with aluminium heat sinks (e.g. Dunlee and Siemens tubes in the left picture, and the Pedoscope air-cooled Coolidge tube in the picture to the right).

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